Sunday, June 25, 2006

Lost (?) in translation

There are thousands of languages, past and present, on this planet. Wikipedia nicely lists 881 of them.
  • !Xóõ (Khoisan)
  • !Xu (!Kung) (Khoisan)
  • /Xam (Khoisan) (extinct)
  • Abanyom (Bantu)
  • Abaza (Northwest Caucasian)
  • Abkhaz or Abkhazian (Northwest Caucasian)
  • Abujmaria (Dravidian)
  • Acehnese (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Adamorobe Sign Language (Signing)
  • Adele (Kwa)
  • Adyghe (Northwest Caucasian)
  • Afrikaans (Germanic)
  • Aimaq or Barbari
  • Aini (Turkic)
  • Ainu (language isolate)
  • Akan (Kwa)
  • Akawaio (Carib)
  • Akkadian (Semitic) (extinct)
  • Aklanon (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Albanian (Indo-European)
  • Alemán Coloneiro (Germanic)
  • Aleut (Eskimo-Aleut)
  • Algonquin (Algonquian)
  • Alsatian (Germanic)
  • Altay (Turkic)
  • Alutor (Chukotko-Kamchatkan)
  • Amdang (Nilo-Saharan)
  • American Sign Language (Signing)
  • Amharic (Semitic)
  • Ammonite (Semitic) (extinct)
  • Amorite (Semitic) (extinct)
  • Ancient Macedonian (Greek)
  • Andalusian (Romance)
  • Angaur (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Angika (Indo-Aryan)
  • Anglo-Saxon or Old English (Germanic)
  • Ao (Tibeto-Burman)
  • Arabic (Semitic)
  • Aragonese (Romance)
  • Aramaic (Semitic)
  • Are (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Argobba (Semitic)
  • Armenian (Indo-European)
  • Arpitan or Francoprovençal (Romance)
  • Arvanitic (Albanian dialect) (Indo-European)
  • Ashkenazi Hebrew (Semitic)
  • Ashkun (Indo-Iranian)
  • Asi (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Assamese (Indo-Iranian)
  • Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (Semitic)
  • Asturian (Romance)
  • Ateso or Teso (Nilotic)
  • Auslan (Signing)
  • Avar (Northeast Caucasian)
  • Avestan (Indo-Iranian)
  • Awadhi (Indo-Iranian)
  • Aymara (Aymaran)
  • Azerbaijani (Turkic)
  • Badaga (Dravidian)
  • Badeshi (Indo-Iranian)
  • Bahnar (Austroasiatic)
  • Bajelani (Indo-Iranian)
  • Balinese (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Balochi (Indo-Iranian)
  • Balti (Tibeto-Burman)
  • Bambara or Bamanankan (Mande)
  • Banjar (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Banyumasan (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Basaa (Bantu)
  • Bashkir (Turkic)
  • Batak Dairi (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Batak Karo (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Batak Mandailing (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Batak Simalungun (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Batak Toba (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Bats (North Caucasian)
  • Bavarian (Germanic)
  • Beja (Cushitic)
  • Belarusian (Slavic)
  • Belhare (Tibeto-Burman)
  • Bellari (Dravidian)
  • Bemba (Bantu)
  • Bengali (Indo-Aryan)
  • Beothuk (unclassified) (extinct)
  • Berber (Afro-Asiatic)
  • Berta (Nilo-Saharan)
  • Bete (Niger-Congo)
  • Bété (Niger-Congo)
  • Bezhta (Northeast Caucasian)
  • Bhili (Indo-Aryan)
  • Bhojpuri (Indo-Aryan)
  • Bijil Neo-Aramaic (Semitic)
  • Bikol (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Bikya or Furu (Bantu)
  • Blackfoot (Algonquian)
  • Boholano (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Bohtan Neo-Aramaic (Semitic)
  • Bolgar (unclassified) (extinct)
  • Bonan or Paoan (Mongolic)
  • Bororo (Bororoan)
  • Bosnian (Slavic)
  • Brahui (Dravidian)
  • Breton (Celtic)
  • British Sign Language (Signing)
  • Bua (Niger-Congo)
  • Buginese (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Bukusu (Bantu)
  • Bulgarian (Slavic)
  • Burmese (Tibeto-Burman)
  • Burushaski (language isolate)
  • Buryat (Mongolic)
  • Caluyanon or Caluyanun (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Camunic (unclassified) (extinct)
  • Cantonese (Sinitic)
  • Carian (Anatolian) (extinct)
  • Catalan (Romance)
  • Catawba (Siouan) (extinct)
  • Cayuga (Iroquoian)
  • Cebuano (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Chabacano or Chavacano (Creole)
  • Chagatai (Turkic) (extinct)
  • Chaldean Neo-Aramaic (Semitic)
  • Chamorro (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Chaouia or Tachawit (Berber)
  • Chechen (Northeast Caucasian)
  • Chemakum (Chimakuan) (extinct)
  • Chenchu (Dravidian)
  • Chenoua (Berber)
  • Cherokee (Iroquoian
  • Cheyenne (Algonquian)
  • Chhattisgarhi (Indo-Aryan)
  • Chhintang (Tibeto-Burman)
  • Chichewa or Nyanja (Bantu)
  • Chinese (Sinitic)
  • Chipewyan (Athabaskan)
  • Chiricahua or Mescalero-Chiricahua Apache (Athabaskan)
  • Chittagonian (Indo-Aryan)
  • Choctaw (Muskogean)
  • Chorasmian or Khwarezmian (Iranian)
  • Chukchi or Chukot (Chukotko-Kamchatkan)
  • Chulym (Turkic)
  • Church Slavonic (Slavic)
  • Chuukese or Trukese (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Chuvash (Turkic)
  • Cocoma or Cocama (Tupian)
  • Cocopa (Hokan)
  • Coeur d'Alene (Salishan)
  • Comorian (Bantu)
  • Coptic (Egyptian) (extinct)
  • Cornish (Celtic)
  • Corsican (Romance)
  • Cree (Algonquian)
  • Crimean Tatar or Crimean Turkish (Turkic)
  • Croatian (Slavic)
  • Cuman (Turkic) (extinct)
  • Cumbric (Celtic) (extinct)
  • Curonian (Baltic) (extinct)
  • Cuyonon (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Czech (Slavic)
  • Dacian (Indo-European) (extinct)
  • Dahlik (Semitic)
  • Dalecarlian (Germanic)
  • Dalmatian (Romance) (extinct)
  • Dameli (Indo-Aryan)
  • Danish (Germanic)
  • Dargin (Northeast Caucasian)
  • Dari (Zoroastrian) (Iranian)
  • Dari-Persian (Iranian)
  • Darkhat (Mongolic)
  • Daur or Dagur (Mongolic)
  • Dena'ina or Tanaina (Athapaskan)
  • Dhatki (Indo-Aryan)
  • Dida (Volta-Congo)
  • Dioula or Jula (Mande)
  • Divehi (Indo-Aryan)
  • Dogri (Indo-Aryan)
  • Dogrib or Tli Cho (Athapaskan)
  • Dolgan (Turkic)
  • Domaaki or Dumaki (Indo-Aryan)
  • Dongxiang or Santa (Mongolic)
  • Duala (Bantu)
  • Dungan (Sinitic)
  • Dutch (Germanic)
  • Dzhidi or Judeo-Persian (Iranian)
  • Dzongkha (Tibeto-Burman)
  • Eastern Yugur (Mongolic)
  • Eblaite (Semitic) (extinct)
  • Edomite (Semitic) (extinct)
  • Egyptian (Afro-Asiatic) (extinct)
  • Egyptian Arabic (Semitic)
  • Ekoti (Bantu)
  • Elamite (isolated) (extinct)
  • Endegen (Semitic)
  • Enets or Yenisey Samoyed (Samoyedic)
  • English (Germanic)
  • Ennemor or Inor (Semitic)
  • Erzya (Finno-Ugric)
  • Esperanto (artificial)
  • Estonian (Finno-Ugric)
  • Etruscan (Tyrsenian) (extinct)
  • Even (Altaic)
  • Evenk or Evenki (Altaic)
  • Ewe (Volta-Congo)
  • Eyak (Na-Dené)
  • Faeroese (Germanic)
  • Fang (Bantu)
  • Fars (Iranian)
  • Fijian (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Filipino (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Finnish (Finno-Ugric)
  • Finnish Sign Language (Signing)
  • Fon (Volta-Congo)
  • Franco-Provençal (Romance)
  • French (Romance)
  • French Sign Language (Signing)
  • Frisian (Germanic)
  • Friulian (Romance)
  • Fula or Fulfulde or Fulani (Atlantic)
  • Fur (Nilo-Saharan)
  • Ga (Volta-Congo)
  • Gadaba (Dravidian)
  • Gafat (Semitic) (extinct)
  • Gagauz (Turkic)
  • Galician (Romance)
  • Gangte (Tibeto-Burman)
  • Garhwali (Indo-Aryan)
  • Gaulish (Celtic) (extinct)
  • Gawar-Bati or Gowari or Narsati (Indo-Aryan)
  • Gayo (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Gazi (Iranian)
  • Ge'ez (Semitic) (extinct)
  • Gen or G? or Mina (Volta-Congo)
  • Georgian (South Caucasian)
  • German (Germanic)
  • German Sign Language (Signing)
  • Ghomara (Berber) (extinct)
  • Gikuyu or Kikuyu (Bantu)
  • Gilbertese or Kiribati (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Gileki (Iranian)
  • Goaria (Indo-Aryan)
  • Gondi (Dravidian)
  • Gothic (Germanic) (extinct)
  • Grangali or Gelangali (Indo-Aryan)
  • Greek (Indo-European)
  • Guanche (Berber) (extinct)
  • Guaraní (Tupian)
  • Gujarati (Indo-Aryan)
  • Gula Iro or Kulaal (Volta-Congo)
  • Gusii (Bantu)
  • Gwich?in (Athabaskan)
  • Hadramautic (Semitic) (extinct)
  • Hadza or Hatsa (Khoisan)
  • Haida or Masset (Na-Dené)
  • Haitian Creole (French Creole)
  • Hakka (Sinitic)
  • Hän (Athabaskan)
  • Harari (Semitic)
  • Harauti (Indo-Aryan)
  • Harsusi (Semitic)
  • Haryanavi or Bangri or Jatu (Indo-Aryan) (a dialect of Hindi)
  • Harzani (Iranian)
  • Hattic (unclassified, possibly Northwest Caucasian) (extinct)
  • Hausa (Afro-Asiatic)
  • Havasupai or Upland Yuman (Hokan)
  • Hawaii Pidgin Sign Language (Signing)
  • Hawaiian (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Hazaragi (Iranian) (a dialect of Persian)
  • Hebrew (Semitic)
  • Herero (Bantu)
  • Hértevin (Semitic)
  • Hiligaynon or Ilonggo (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Hindi (Indo-Aryan)
  • Hiri Motu (Motu-based Pidgin)
  • Hittite (Anatolian)
  • Hixkaryana (Carib)
  • Hmong (Hmong Mien)
  • Ho (Austroasiatic)
  • Hobyót (Semitic)
  • Hopi (Uto-Aztecan
  • Hulaulá (Semitic)
  • Hungarian (Finno-Ugric)
  • Hurrian (Hurro-Urartian) (extinct)
  • Hutterite German (Germanic)
  • Iban (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Ibanag (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Ibibio (Volta-Congo)
  • Icelandic (Germanic)
  • Igbo or Ibo or Biafra (Volta-Congo)
  • Ikalanga or Kalanga (Bantu)
  • Ili Turki (Turkic)
  • Illinois (Algonquian) (extinct)
  • Ilokano or Ilocano (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Inari Sami (Finno-Ugric)
  • Indonesian (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Ingrian or Izhorian (Finno-Ugric)
  • Ingush (Northeast Caucasian)
  • Inuktitut (Eskimo-Aleut)
  • Inupiaq (Eskimo-Aleut)
  • Inuvialuktun (Eskimo-Aleut)
  • Iraqw (Cushitic)
  • Irish or Irish Gaelic (Celtic)
  • Irish Sign Language (Signing)
  • Irula (Dravidian)
  • Isan or Northeastern Thai (Tai-Kadai)
  • Istro-Romanian (Romance)
  • Italian (Romance)
  • Itelmen or Kamchadal (Chukotko-Kamchatkan)
  • Jacaltec or Jakalteko (Mayan)
  • Jalaa (unclassified, possibly Niger-Congo)
  • Japanese (language isolate)
  • Jaqaru (Aymaran)
  • Javanese (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Jibbali or Shehri (Semitic)
  • Jicarilla Apache (Athabaskan)
  • Juang (Austro-Asiatic)
  • Judeo-Aramaic (Semitic) (extinct)
  • Jurchen (Tungusic) (extinct)
  • Kabardian (Northwest Caucasian)
  • Kabyle (Berber)
  • Kachin or Jingpo (Tibeto-Burman)
  • Kalaallisut or Greenlandic (Eskimo-Aleut)
  • Kalami or Gawri or Dirwali (Indo-Aryan)
  • Kalasha (Indo-Aryan)
  • Kalmyk or Oirat (Mongolic)
  • Kalto or Nahali (isolated or Indo-Aryan)
  • Kamas (Samoyedic) (extinct)
  • Kankanai or Kankanaey (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Kannada (Dravidian)
  • Kaonde or Chikaonde (Bantu)
  • Kapampangan (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Karachay-Balkar (Turkic)
  • Karagas (Turkic)
  • Karaim (Turkic)
  • Karakalpak (Turkic)
  • Karelian (Finno-Ugric)
  • Kashmiri (Indo-Aryan)
  • Kashubian (Slavic)
  • Kawi (Malayo-Polynesian) (extinct)
  • Kazakh (Turkic)
  • Kemi Sami (Finno-Ugric) (extinct)
  • Kensiu (Austro-Asiatic)
  • Kerek (Paleosiberian)
  • Ket (Chukotko-Kamchatkan)
  • Khakas (Turkic)
  • Khalaj (Iranian)
  • Kham or Sheshi (Tibeto-Burman)
  • Khandeshi (Indo-Aryan)
  • Khanty or Ostyak (Finno-Ugric)
  • Khasi (Austro-Asiatic)
  • Khazar (probably Turkic) (extinct)
  • Khirwar (Dravidian)
  • Khmer (Austro-Asiatic)
  • Khmu (Austro-Asiatic)
  • Khowar (Indo-Aryan)
  • Khunsari (Iranian)
  • Kichagga (Bantu)
  • Kildin Sami (Baltic-Finnic)
  • Kimatuumbi (Bantu)
  • Kinaray-a or Hiraya (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Kinyarwanda (Bantu)
  • Kirombo (Bantu)
  • Kirundi (Bantu)
  • Kivunjo (Bantu)
  • Klallam or Clallam (Salishan)
  • Kodava Takk or Kodagu or Coorgi (Dravidian)
  • Kohistani or Khili (Indo-Aryan)
  • Kolami (Dravidian)
  • Komi or Komi-Zyrian (Finno-Ugric)
  • Konda (Trans-New Guinea)
  • Kongo or Kikongo (Bantu)
  • Konkani (Indo-Aryan)
  • Koraga (Dravidian)
  • Korandje (Nilo-Saharan)
  • Korean (isolated)
  • Korku (Austro-Asiatic)
  • Korowai (Trans-New Guinea)
  • Korwa (Austro-Asiatic)
  • Koryak (Chukotko-Kamchatkan)
  • Kosraean (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Kota (Dravidian)
  • Koy Sanjaq Surat (Semitic)
  • Koya (Dravidian)
  • Koyra Chiini or Western Songhay (Nilo-Saharan)
  • Krymchak or Judeo-Crimean Tatar (Turkic)
  • Kui (Dravidian)
  • Kujarge (unclassified, perhaps Chadic)
  • Kumauni (Indo-Aryan)
  • Kumyk (Turkic)
  • Kumzari (Iranian)
  • Kurdish (Iranian)
  • Kurukh or Kurux (Dravidian)
  • Kurumba (Dravidian)
  • Kusunda (Tibeto-Burman) (extinct)
  • Kuvi (Dravidian)
  • Kwanyama or Ovambo (Bantu)
  • Kyrgyz or Kirghiz (Turkic)
  • Laal
  • Ladakhi
  • Ladin (Romance)
  • Ladino (Judeo-Spanish) (Romance)
  • Lahnda
  • Lakota (Lakhota)
  • Lamani, also known as Banjari
  • Lao
  • Lappish
  • Latin / Latina (Romance)
  • Latvian (Baltic)
  • Laz
  • Lenni Lenape
  • Lepontic
  • Lezgi
  • Ligbi (also known as Ligby)
  • Limburgish (Germanic)
  • Lingala (Bantu)
  • Lipan
  • Lishan Didan
  • Lishana Deni
  • Lishanid Noshan
  • Lithuanian (Baltic)
  • Livonian (Finno-Ugric)
  • Lobedu (Bantu)
  • Lotha
  • Low German (Low Saxon), Germany (Germanic)
  • Low German (Plautdietsch), Mennonite (Germanic)
  • Low Saxon (Low German), Netherlands (Germanic)
  • Lower Sorbian (Slavic)
  • Lozi (Bantu)
  • Lude
  • Luganda (Bantu)
  • Luhya (Bantu)
  • Lummi
  • Lunda (Bantu)
  • Luri (Iranian) (a branch of Persian)
  • Lushootseed
  • Lusoga (Bantu)
  • Luvale
  • Luwati
  • Luwian (Anatolian) (extinct)
  • Luxembourgish (Germanic)
  • Lycian (Anatolian) (extinct)
  • Lydian (Anatolian) (extinct)
  • Macedonian (Slavic)
  • Macedoromanian (Romance)
  • Magadhi
  • Maguidanao (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Mahican (Algonquian)
  • Mahl
  • Maithili (Indo-Aryan)
  • Makasar
  • Makhuwa-Meetto (Bantu)
  • Makua (Bantu)
  • Malagasy (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Malay (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Malayalam (Dravidian)
  • Malaysian Sign Language (Signing)
  • Maldivian (Indo-Aryan)
  • Maltese (Semitic)
  • Malto (Dravidian)
  • Malvi
  • Mam (Mayan)
  • Manchurian (Tungusic)
  • Manda (Dravidian)
  • Mandaic (Semitic)
  • Mandarin (Chinese)
  • Mandinka (Niger-Congo)
  • Manipuri
  • Mansi (Vogul) (Finno-Ugric)
  • Manx (Manx Gaelic) (Celtic)
  • Manyika (Bantu)
  • Maori (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Mapudungun (Mapuche) (Language isolate)
  • Maranao (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Marathi (Indo-Aryan)
  • Mari (Cheremis) (Finno-Ugric)
  • Maria
  • Marquesan (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Marshallese (Micronesian)
  • Martha's Vineyard Sign Language (Signing)
  • Masaba (Bantu)
  • Masbatenyo
  • Masqan (also spelled Mesqan) (Semitic)
  • Mator
  • Mauritian Creole
  • Maya (Mayan)
  • Mayang
  • Mazandarani (Indo-Iranian)
  • Meänkieli (Finno-Ugric)
  • Megleno-Romanian (Romance)
  • Megrelian
  • Mehri (Semitic)
  • Menominee (Algonquian)
  • Mentawai (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Meroitic
  • Merya
  • Mescalero (Athabaskan)
  • Mesmes (Semitic)
  • Messapian
  • Miami (Algonquian)
  • Michif (Algonquian)
  • Mi'kmaq (Algonquian)
  • Minaean (Semitic)
  • Minangkabau (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Mlahsö (Semitic) (extinct)
  • Moabite (Semitic) (extinct)
  • Mobilian (Muskogean)
  • Moghol (Mongolic)
  • Mohawk (Iroquoian)
  • Mohegan (Algonquian)
  • Moksha (Finno-Ugric)
  • Molengue (Bantu)
  • Mon (Austroasiatic)
  • Mongolian (Mongolic)
  • Mono (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Montagnais (Algonquian)
  • Motu (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Mpre
  • Mufasa
  • Muher (Semitic)
  • Mundari (Austroasiatic)
  • Munji
  • Muria
  • Muromian
  • Murut
  • N/u
  • Nafaanra
  • Nagarchal
  • Nahuatl
  • Naiki (Dravidian)
  • Nama
  • Nanai
  • Nangalami
  • Natanzi
  • Nauruan
  • Navajo or Navaho
  • Nayini
  • Ndau (Bantu)
  • Ndebele (Bantu)
  • Ndonga (Bantu)
  • Neapolitan (Romance)
  • Negidal
  • Nenets (Yurak) (Samoyedic)
  • Nepal Bhasa (Newari)
  • Nepali
  • New Zealand Sign Language (Signing)
  • Nganasan (Tavgi) (Samoyedic)
  • Ngumba (Bantu)
  • Nhengatu
  • Nicaraguan Sign Language (Signing)
  • Nicobarese
  • Niellim
  • Nigerian pidgin
  • Niuean
  • Nivkh (Gilyak)
  • Nogai
  • Norfuk
  • Norman French
  • Norn
  • North Yukaghir
  • Northern Sami
  • Northern Sotho (Niger-Congo) (Bantu)
  • Norwegian (Germanic)
  • Nuer
  • Nuka, or Nuka-Dora
  • Nuristani (Indo-Iranian)
  • Nuxalk
  • Nyabwa
  • Nyah Kur (Austroasiatic)
  • Nyangumarta language
  • Nyanja
  • Nynorsk (Germanic)
  • Nyoro (Bantu)
  • Occitan (Romance)
  • Oirat
  • Ojibwe
  • Olcha
  • Old Church Slavonic (Slavic)
  • Old English (Germanic) (extinct)
  • Old French (Romance)
  • Old French Sign Language (Signing)
  • Old Norse (Germanic)
  • Old Nubian language
  • Old Persian (Iranian) (extinct)
  • Old Prussian (Baltic)
  • Old South Arabian
  • Olonetsian (also known as Olonets or Livvi) (Finno-Ugric)
  • Omagua
  • Ongota
  • Oriya
  • Ormuri (Iranian)
  • Oroch
  • Orochen
  • Orok
  • Oromifa
  • Oropom
  • Ossetic (Iranian)
  • Ottoman Turkish
  • Pahari
  • Pahlavi (Iranian)
  • Palaic (Anatolian) (extinct)
  • Palauan (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Pali
  • Pangasinan (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Papiamento
  • Parachi (Iranian)
  • Parauk (Austroasiatic)
  • Parji, also known as Duruwa (Dravidian)
  • Parya
  • Pashayi (Iranian)
  • Pashto (Iranian)
  • Passamaquoddy
  • Pecheneg
  • Pemon (Carib)
  • Pengo (Dravidian)
  • Pennsylvania German (Germanic)
  • Persian (Iranian)
  • Phalura
  • Phoenician languages (Semitic)
  • Phrygian (extinct)
  • Phuthi (Bantu)
  • Picard
  • Pictish (extinct)
  • Piraha (Mura)
  • Pisidian (Anatolian) (extinct)
  • Plautdietsch, Mennonite Low German (Germanic)
  • Polabian (Slavic, extinct)
  • Polish (Slavic)
  • Portuguese (Romance)
  • Potiguara
  • Pradhan, also known as Pardhan
  • Prasuni, also known as Wasi-weri
  • Proto-Indo-European
  • Provençal (Romance)
  • Pucikwar
  • Puelche
  • Punjabi
  • Qashqai
  • Qatabanian (Semitic) (extinct)
  • Quebec Sign Language (Signing)
  • Quechua
  • Rajasthani
  • Rappahanock
  • Ratagnon (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Réunion Creole
  • Romanian (Romance)
  • Romansh (Rhaeto-Romance) (Romance)
  • Romany (Indo-Iranian)
  • Romblomanon (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Rotokas (East Papuan)
  • Runyankole language (Bantu)
  • Russenorsk (Slavic)
  • Russian (Slavic)
  • Russian Sign Language (Signing)
  • Ruthenian (Slavic)
  • Sabaean (Semitic) (extinct)
  • Salar (Turkic)
  • Salishan languages
  • Samaritan Hebrew (Semitic)
  • Sami (Lappish) (Finno-Ugric)
  • Samoan (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Sandawe (Khoisan)
  • Sangisari (Iranian)
  • Sanglechi (Iranian)
  • Sango (a Niger-Congo creole)
  • Sanskrit (Indo-Iranian)
  • Santali (Austroasiatic)
  • Sara (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Saramaccan (a Germanic creole)
  • Sardinian (Romance)
  • Sarikoli
  • Savara
  • Savi
  • Sawai (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Scanian (Germanic)
  • Scots (Lallans) (includes Ulster Scots (Ullans); Germanic)
  • Scots Gaelic (Scottish Gaelic or Gaelic) (Celtic)
  • See List of languages by name: Y for more.
  • See List of languages by name: Z for about 50 more.
  • Selangor Sign Language (Signing)
  • Selchuk = Salchuq
  • Selkup (Ostyak Samoyed) (Samoyedic)
  • Selonian
  • Selti (also spelled Silt'e) (Semitic)
  • Seminole (Muskogean)
  • Semnani
  • Senaya (Semitic)
  • Sened
  • Senhaja de Srair
  • Sepedi
  • Sephardi Hebrew (Semitic)
  • Serbian (Slavic)
  • Serbo-Croatian (Slavic)
  • Sesotho (Niger-Congo, (Bantu)
  • Seychellois Creole
  • Shahrudi
  • Shimaore (Bantu)
  • Shina
  • Shona (Niger-Congo) (Bantu)
  • Shor
  • Shughni
  • Shumashti
  • Sicilian (Romance)
  • Sidamo (Cushitic)
  • Sidetic (Anatolian) (extinct)
  • Sika (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Silesian
  • Sindarin
  • Sindhi (Indo-Iranian)
  • Sinhalese (Indo-Iranian)
  • Sioux (Siouan)
  • Siraiki
  • Sivandi
  • Skolt Sami (Finno-Ugric)
  • Slavey (Athabaskan)
  • Slovak (Slavic)
  • Slovenian (Slavic)
  • Soddo (also called Kistane) (Semitic)
  • Soi
  • Somali (Cushitic)
  • Sonjo (Bantu)
  • Sonsorolese (or Sonsorol, or Sonsoral)
  • Soqotri
  • Sora (Austroasiatic)
  • Sorbian (Slavic)
  • Sotho (Bantu)
  • South Estonian (Finno-Ugric)
  • South Yukaghir (Paleosiberian)
  • Southern Sami (Finno-Ugric)
  • Spanish (Romance)
  • Sranan (a Germanic creole)
  • Suba (Bantu)
  • Sucite
  • Sudovian
  • Sumerian (extinct)
  • Sundanese (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Supyire
  • Surigaonon
  • Svan (South Caucasian)
  • Swabian (Germanic)
  • Swahili (Bantu)
  • Swati or Siswati (Bantu)
  • Swedish (Germanic)
  • Swiss German (Germanic)
  • Syriac (Semitic)
  • Tabasaran (Northeast Caucasian)
  • Tachelhit (Berber)
  • Tagalog (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Tahitian (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Taiwanese Sign Language (Signing)
  • Tajik (Iranian) (a dialect of Persian)
  • Takestani (Iranian)
  • Talossan
  • Talysh (Iranian)
  • Tamil (Dravidian)
  • Tanacross (Athabaskan)
  • Tangut (Tibeto-Burman) (extinct)
  • Tarifit (Berber)
  • Tat (Indo-Iranian)
  • Tatar, Kazan Tatar (Turkic)
  • Tausug (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Tehuelche (Chon)
  • Telugu (Dravidian)
  • Temiar, Northern Sakai (Austroasiatic)
  • Tetum (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Thai (Tai-Kadai)
  • Tharu (Indo-Aryan)
  • Thracian (Indo-European) (extinct)
  • Tibetan (Tibeto-Burman)
  • Tigre (Semitic)
  • Tigrinya (Semitic)
  • Tirahi
  • Tiv
  • Tlingit (Na-Dené)
  • Tobian (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Tocharian A and B (Indo-European)
  • Toda (Dravidian)
  • Tok Pisin (Pidgin)
  • Tokelauan (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Tonga
  • Tongan (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Tongva
  • Trasianka (????????) (Slavic)
  • Tregami
  • Tsat (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Tsez (Northeast Caucasian)
  • Tshiluba (Bantu)
  • Tshivenda - see Venda (Bantu)
  • Tsimshian
  • Tsonga (Bantu)
  • Tswana (Setswana) (Niger-Congo) (Bantu)
  • Tu, also known as Monguor (Mongolic)
  • Tuareg languages (Berber)
  • Tulu (Dravidian)
  • Tumbuka (Bantu)
  • Tupinamba (Tupian)
  • Tupinkin (Tupian)
  • Turkish (Turkic)
  • Turkmen (Turkic)
  • Turoyo (Semitic)
  • Turvali, also known as Torwali (Indo-Iranian)
  • Tuvaluan (Polynesian)
  • Tuvan (also known as Tuvin) (Turkic)
  • Uatakassí
  • Ubykh (Northwest Caucasian)
  • Udege
  • Udmurt (Votyak) (Finno-Ugric)
  • Ugaritic (Semitic) (extinct)
  • Ukrainian (Slavic)
  • Ulbare (Semitic)
  • Unserdeutsch (Germanic)
  • Upper Sorbian (Slavic)
  • Urdu (Indic)
  • Uripiv (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Urum
  • Ute
  • Uyghur
  • Uzbek (Turkic)
  • Vafsi
  • Valencian Sign Language (Signing)
  • Venda - see Tshivenda (Bantu)
  • Veps (Finno-Ugric)
  • Vietnamese (Austroasiatic)
  • Visayan or (Bisaya)
  • Võro (Finno-Ugric)
  • Vote (Finno-Ugric)
  • Waddar
  • Waima (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Wakhi (Iranian)
  • Walloon (Romance)
  • Waneci
  • Wapishana
  • Waray-Waray (Malayo-Polynesian)
  • Washo
  • Welsh (Celtic)
  • Western Neo-Aramaic (Semitic)
  • Weyto
  • Wolane (Semitic)
  • Wolof
  • Wotapuri-katarqalai
  • Wu (Chinese)
  • Xhosa (Bantu)
  • Xiang (Hunanese) or (Hsiang) (Chinese)
  • Xibe (Tungusic)
  • Xokó (Brazil, extinct)
  • Xukurú (Brazil, extinct)
  • Yaaku language
  • Yaeyama language
  • Yakut
  • Yankunytjatjara language
  • Yanomami
  • Yanyuwa language
  • Yapese
  • Yaqui language
  • Yauma language (Bantu)
  • Yavapai language
  • Yazdi (Iranian)
  • Yemenite Hebrew language (Semitic)
  • Yeni language
  • Yevanic language
  • Yi language
  • Yiddish (Germanic)
  • Yogur (also known as Yoghur, (Mongolic) Sarï Uyghur, and (Mongolic) Yellow Uyghur, Mongolic)
  • Yokutsan languages
  • Yonaguni language
  • Yorùbá language
  • Yucatec Maya language
  • Yucatec Maya Sign Language (Signing)
  • Yuchi language
  • Yugur (also known as Yughur, (Turkicic) Sarïgh Uyghur, and (Turkic) Yellow Uyghur, Turkic)
  • Yukaghir languages
  • Yupik language (Eskimo-Aleut)
  • Yurats language
  • Yurok language
  • Záparo (Saparoan)
  • Zapotec (Oto-Manguean)
  • Zazaki (Iranian)
  • Zenzontepec (Oto-Manguean)
  • Zhuang
  • Zoque (Mixe-Zoquean)
  • Zulu (Niger-Congo) (Bantu)
  • Zuñi/Zuni
  • Zway (also called Zay) (Semitic)